EXERCISE 43: Problem Verbs.
1. You will see on the map that the public auditorium lays north of the lake.
2. My dog loves to sit in the sun.
3. The delivery boy lay the groceries on the table.
4. After the heavy rain, the water in the lake raised another two feet.
5. The paper hangers decided to raise the picture a few more inches.
6. He was exhausted so he decided to lay down for a little while.
7. The workers were laying cement for the patio when it began to rain.
8. The soldier raised the flag when he heard the bugle blow.
9. In chemistry class, we learned that hot air rises.
10. They tried to set the explosives carefully on the floor.
MINI TEST 3 FOR GRAMMAR ITEMS 21 THROUGH 29.
1. D. but too interesting.
2. A. he should take.
3. C. know.
4. B. speaks.
5. B. entering.
6. A. both.
7. A. in spite.
8. B. to make.
9. A. rising.
10. B. the officers' club
11. A. read.
12. A. know how.
13. C. despite.
14. B. studies.
15. B. practices.
16. A. studied.
17. A. set.
18. B. he.
19. D. as well.
20. B. us enter.
21. A. know how.
22.A. have been informed.
23.C. advertise.
24. D. as well.
25. A. work.
26. A. to rewrite.
27. A. be devided.
28. C. were destroying.
29. B. as well.
30. A. raised.
31. A. of whom.
32. A. although.
33. A. has repealed.
34. B. who.
35. C. to rise.
36. A. that.
37. A. told Mr. Anderson that
38. A. sat.
39. A. which.
40. A. despite.
41. A. has cancelled.
42. C. laying.
43. A. discovered.
44. A. lay.
45. D. to rewrite.
46. A. stated.
47. A. although.
48. A. that.
49. B. to rise.
50. D. able finding.
Julia's blog
Rabu, 18 Juni 2014
Selasa, 10 Juni 2014
How To Be A Good Government
In my point of view, how to be a good government is like be the best leader in a country.
the leader must be a role model, trustworthy, knowledgeable in their fields, and be responsible.
a good leader always trying to bring life and his work a step further, because if he stops he might lose both his momentum to be better and skills.
although not everyone can be a good leader, but if they have the will and intention to improve the nation's future, that faith can help them to be a good leader for their country.
last but not least,the leader that i need in Indonesia is the one who isn't close his eyes to the people who need his help, and not greedy for money and power in order to reduce the level of corruption in Indonesia. :)
BAHASA INGGRIS 2; TUGAS 3
EXERCISE 35: Passive Voice
1. The President is called by Somebody everyday.
2. The Other Members are being called by John.
3. The Documents being delivered by Martha to the Department.
4. The Amendment has been repealed by The Other Member.
5. The Information had been recieved by The Delegates before the recess.
6. The Supplies should be bought by The Teacher for this class.
7. Mr. Watson will be called by Somebody tonight.
8. Considerable damage has been caused by the fire.
9. A new procedure was being developed by The Company before the bankruptcy hearings began.
10. The papers will have been recieved by John tomorrow.
EXERCISE 36; Causative Verb.
1. The teacher made Juan leave the room.
2. Toshiko had her car repaired by a Mechanic.
3. Ellen got Marvin to Type her paper.
4. I made Jane call her friend on the telephone.
5. We got our house painted last week.
6. Dr. Byrd is having the Students write a composition.
7. The Policemen made The Suspect lie on the ground.
8. Mark got his transcripts sent to the university.
9. Maria is getting her hair cut tomorrow.
10. We will have to get the Dean sign this form.
11. The teacher let Al leave the classroom.
12. Maria got Ed to wash the pipettes.
13. She always has her car fixed by the same mechanic.
14. Gene got his book published by a subsidy publisher.
15. We have to help Janet find her keys.
EXERCISE 37; Relatives Clauses.
1. The last record that was produced by this company became a gold record.
2. Checking accounts which is require a minimum balance are very common now.
3. The Professor whom you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4. John, whose the highest grades in the school, has recieved a scholarship.
5. Felipe bought a camera wich has three lenses.
6. Frank is the man whom we are going to nominate for the office of treasure.
7. The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8. Jane is the woman who is going to china next year.
9. Janet wants a typewriter that self-corrects.
10. This book that i found last week contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant, whose team has lost the game, look very sad.
12. James wrote an article which is indicated that he dislike the President.
13. The Director of the program whom graduated from Harvard University is planning to retire next year.
14. This is the book that i have been looking for all year.
15. William, whose brother is a lawyer, wants become a judge.
EXERCISE 38; Relative Clauses Reduction.
1. George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All of the money accepted has already been released.
3. The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4. The man brought the police station confessed to the crime.
5. The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6. Jon's wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. The book on the top shelf is the one that i need.
9. The number of students counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor, eats this restaurant everyday.
EXERCISE 39; Subjunctive.
1. the teacher demanded that the student leave the room.
2. it was urgent that he call her immediately.
3. it was very important that we delay discussion.
4. she intends to move that the committee suspends discussion on this issue.
5. the king decreed that the laws take effect the following month.
6. i propose that you should stop this rally.
7. i advise you to take the prerequisites before registering for this course.
8. his father prefers that he attends a different university.
9. the faculty stipulated that the rule be abolish.
10. she urged that we find another alternative.
EXERCISE 40; Inclusives.
1. Julia speaks not only spanish but also french.
2. She bought the yellow sweater as well as the beige skirt.
3. They have houses both in the country and in the city.
4. He is not only industrious but also ingenious.
5. Her children have American cousins as well as spanish ones.
6. Their European tour includes not only germany and austria but also switzerland.
7. he banged the arm both thightly and quickly.
8. Clark not only practices law but also teaches it.
9. Tom Tryon is a playwright as well as an actor.
10. The bride's bouquet included roses as well as orchids.
EXERCISE 41; Know/ Know How.
1. the fourth graders know how to multiply.
2. how many people here know how to ski?
3. we know about MAry's angagement to James.
4. the chemistry students know the formula for the salt.
5. although he has been driving for fifteen years, he doesn't know how to change a tire properly.
6. leon know that his friends would react to his proposition.
7. nobody know how to get to the turnpike yesterday.
8. the owner of the store was away, but she know about robbery.
9. we know how to type before we entered the university.
10. he doesn't know how to dance, but he tries.
EXERCISE 42; Clauses of Concession.
1. although she dislike coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.
2. mary will take a plane, in spite of she dislike flying.
3. although marcy's sadness at losing the contest, she managed to smile.
4. we took many picture despite the cloudy sky.
5. even though her poor memory, the old woman told interesting stories to the childrend.
6. in spite of he has been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.
7. nancy told me the secret, thought promised not to do so.
8. we plan to buy a ticket for the drawing even thought we know we will not win a prize.
9. even though the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movies every saturday.
10. he ate the chocolate cake in spite of he is on a diet.
1. The President is called by Somebody everyday.
2. The Other Members are being called by John.
3. The Documents being delivered by Martha to the Department.
4. The Amendment has been repealed by The Other Member.
5. The Information had been recieved by The Delegates before the recess.
6. The Supplies should be bought by The Teacher for this class.
7. Mr. Watson will be called by Somebody tonight.
8. Considerable damage has been caused by the fire.
9. A new procedure was being developed by The Company before the bankruptcy hearings began.
10. The papers will have been recieved by John tomorrow.
EXERCISE 36; Causative Verb.
1. The teacher made Juan leave the room.
2. Toshiko had her car repaired by a Mechanic.
3. Ellen got Marvin to Type her paper.
4. I made Jane call her friend on the telephone.
5. We got our house painted last week.
6. Dr. Byrd is having the Students write a composition.
7. The Policemen made The Suspect lie on the ground.
8. Mark got his transcripts sent to the university.
9. Maria is getting her hair cut tomorrow.
10. We will have to get the Dean sign this form.
11. The teacher let Al leave the classroom.
12. Maria got Ed to wash the pipettes.
13. She always has her car fixed by the same mechanic.
14. Gene got his book published by a subsidy publisher.
15. We have to help Janet find her keys.
EXERCISE 37; Relatives Clauses.
1. The last record that was produced by this company became a gold record.
2. Checking accounts which is require a minimum balance are very common now.
3. The Professor whom you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4. John, whose the highest grades in the school, has recieved a scholarship.
5. Felipe bought a camera wich has three lenses.
6. Frank is the man whom we are going to nominate for the office of treasure.
7. The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8. Jane is the woman who is going to china next year.
9. Janet wants a typewriter that self-corrects.
10. This book that i found last week contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant, whose team has lost the game, look very sad.
12. James wrote an article which is indicated that he dislike the President.
13. The Director of the program whom graduated from Harvard University is planning to retire next year.
14. This is the book that i have been looking for all year.
15. William, whose brother is a lawyer, wants become a judge.
EXERCISE 38; Relative Clauses Reduction.
1. George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All of the money accepted has already been released.
3. The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4. The man brought the police station confessed to the crime.
5. The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6. Jon's wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. The book on the top shelf is the one that i need.
9. The number of students counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor, eats this restaurant everyday.
EXERCISE 39; Subjunctive.
1. the teacher demanded that the student leave the room.
2. it was urgent that he call her immediately.
3. it was very important that we delay discussion.
4. she intends to move that the committee suspends discussion on this issue.
5. the king decreed that the laws take effect the following month.
6. i propose that you should stop this rally.
7. i advise you to take the prerequisites before registering for this course.
8. his father prefers that he attends a different university.
9. the faculty stipulated that the rule be abolish.
10. she urged that we find another alternative.
EXERCISE 40; Inclusives.
1. Julia speaks not only spanish but also french.
2. She bought the yellow sweater as well as the beige skirt.
3. They have houses both in the country and in the city.
4. He is not only industrious but also ingenious.
5. Her children have American cousins as well as spanish ones.
6. Their European tour includes not only germany and austria but also switzerland.
7. he banged the arm both thightly and quickly.
8. Clark not only practices law but also teaches it.
9. Tom Tryon is a playwright as well as an actor.
10. The bride's bouquet included roses as well as orchids.
EXERCISE 41; Know/ Know How.
1. the fourth graders know how to multiply.
2. how many people here know how to ski?
3. we know about MAry's angagement to James.
4. the chemistry students know the formula for the salt.
5. although he has been driving for fifteen years, he doesn't know how to change a tire properly.
6. leon know that his friends would react to his proposition.
7. nobody know how to get to the turnpike yesterday.
8. the owner of the store was away, but she know about robbery.
9. we know how to type before we entered the university.
10. he doesn't know how to dance, but he tries.
EXERCISE 42; Clauses of Concession.
1. although she dislike coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.
2. mary will take a plane, in spite of she dislike flying.
3. although marcy's sadness at losing the contest, she managed to smile.
4. we took many picture despite the cloudy sky.
5. even though her poor memory, the old woman told interesting stories to the childrend.
6. in spite of he has been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.
7. nancy told me the secret, thought promised not to do so.
8. we plan to buy a ticket for the drawing even thought we know we will not win a prize.
9. even though the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movies every saturday.
10. he ate the chocolate cake in spite of he is on a diet.
Kamis, 24 April 2014
BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2; TUGAS 2
EXERCISE 31: NOUNS FUNCTIONING AS ADJECTIVES
EXERCISE 32: ENOUGH
EXERCISE 33: BECAUSE/BECAUSE OF
EXERCISE 34: SO/SUCH
MINI TEST 2 FOR GRAMMAR ITEMS 15 THROUGH 20
- Twelve-Stones.
- Languages.
- Three-Acts.
- Two-Days.
- 79-Pieces.
- Five-Shelves.
- 16-Ounces.
- Six-Quarts.
- Made Of Bricks.
- Ten-Speeds.
EXERCISE 32: ENOUGH
- Enough People.
- France Enough.
- Enough Time.
- Fast Enough.
- Soon Enough.
- Early Enough.
- Hard Enough.
- Slowly Enough.
- Enough Flour.
- Enough Books.
EXERCISE 33: BECAUSE/BECAUSE OF
- Because Of.
- Because Of.
- Because Of.
- Because.
- Because.
- Because.
- Because Of.
- Because Of.
- Because Of.
- Because Of.
EXERCISE 34: SO/SUCH
- So.
- Such.
- Such.
- Such.
- Such.
- So.
- Such.
- So.
- So.
- Such.
- So.
- So.
- Such.
- So.
- So.
MINI TEST 2 FOR GRAMMAR ITEMS 15 THROUGH 20
- B. Ghosts stories
- C. his
- D. guest speaker
- D. on it on our
- A. the
- C. enough hot
- A. the andersons
- A. such enjoyable
- C. supplies enough
- A. so interesting
- A. would have studied
- A. depositing
- A. was
- D. this past week
- B. having crossed
- B. spending
- A. living
- C. louder
- D. friend joel
- A. to be fishing
- A. must have called
- A. would occur
- D. uncontrollable
- D. in the
- D. will
- C. ought send
- A. such difficult
- C. because
- C. on all
- C. having
- A. badly
- D. permits
- B. has
- D. another helping
- D. twenty-year-old
- D. more sadder than
- B. than
- D. for a short
- A. the same
- B. never would meet
- C. speak
- C. are
- B. dense-packed
- A. the more
- D. their
- D. they must return
- C. who
- A. than
- B. the more inferior
- B. soon discovered
Kamis, 20 Maret 2014
BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2
EXERCISE 21: Conditional sentences.
1. Henry talks to his dog, as if it understood him.
2. If they had left the house earlier, would not have been so late getting to the airport that they could not check their baggage.
3. If i finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sister for her birthday.
4. If I had seen the movie, I would have told you about it last night.
5. Had Bob not interfered in his sister's marital problems, there would have been peace between them.
6. He would give you the money if he had it.
7. I wish they stopped making so much noise so that i could concentrate.
8. She would call you immediately if she needed help.
9. Had they arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.
10. We hope you enjoyed the party last night.
11. If you have enough time, please paint the chair before you leave.
12. we could go for a drive if today were Saturday.
13. If she wins the prize, it will be because she writes very well.
14. Mike wished that the editors had permitted him to copy some their material.
15. Joel wishes that he had spent his vacation on the gulf coast next year.
16. I will accept if they invite me to the party.
17. If your mother buys you that car for you, will you be happy.
18. If he had decided earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
19. Had we known your address, we would have wrtten you a letter.
20. If the roofer doesn't come soon, the rain will leak inside.
21. Because Rose did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she studied harder last night.
22. My dog always wakes me up if he hears strange noises.
23. If you see marry today, please ask her to call me.
24. If he gets the raise, it will be because he does a good job.
25. The teacher will not accept our work if we turn it in late.
26. Mrs. Wood always talks to her tenth-grade student as though they were adults.
27. If he had left already, he would have called us.
28. If they had known him, they would have talked to him.
29. He would understand it if you explained it to him more slowly.
30. I could understand the French teacher if he spoke more slowly.
EXERCISE 26: Adjectives and Adverbs.
1. Well.
2. Intense.
3. Brightly.
4. Fluent.
5. Fluently.
6. Smooth.
7. Accurately.
8. Bitter.
9. Soon.
10. fast.
EXERCISE 27: Linking (Copulative) Verbs.
1. Terrible.
2. Well.
3. Good.
4. Calmly.
5. Sick.
6. Quick.
7. Diligently.
8. Vehemently.
9. Relaxed.
10. Noisy.
EXERCISE 28: Comparisons
1. As soon.
2. More important.
3. As well.
4. More Expensive.
5. As hot.
6. More talented.
7. More colorful.
8. Happier.
9. Worse.
10. Faster.
EXERCISE 29: Comparisons.
1. Than.
2. Than.
3. From.
4. Than.
5. As.
6. Than.
7. As.
8. From.
9. Than.
10. From.
EXERCISE 30: Comparisons.
1. Best.
2. Happiest.
3. Faster.
4. Creamiest.
5. More colorful.
6. Better.
7. Good.
8. More Awkwardly.
9. Least.
10. Prettiest.
11. The best.
12. From.
13. Less impressive.
14. The sicker.
15. Than.
16.Twice more than.
17. Few.
18. Much.
19. Farthest.
20. More famous.
1. Henry talks to his dog, as if it understood him.
2. If they had left the house earlier, would not have been so late getting to the airport that they could not check their baggage.
3. If i finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sister for her birthday.
4. If I had seen the movie, I would have told you about it last night.
5. Had Bob not interfered in his sister's marital problems, there would have been peace between them.
6. He would give you the money if he had it.
7. I wish they stopped making so much noise so that i could concentrate.
8. She would call you immediately if she needed help.
9. Had they arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.
10. We hope you enjoyed the party last night.
11. If you have enough time, please paint the chair before you leave.
12. we could go for a drive if today were Saturday.
13. If she wins the prize, it will be because she writes very well.
14. Mike wished that the editors had permitted him to copy some their material.
15. Joel wishes that he had spent his vacation on the gulf coast next year.
16. I will accept if they invite me to the party.
17. If your mother buys you that car for you, will you be happy.
18. If he had decided earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
19. Had we known your address, we would have wrtten you a letter.
20. If the roofer doesn't come soon, the rain will leak inside.
21. Because Rose did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she studied harder last night.
22. My dog always wakes me up if he hears strange noises.
23. If you see marry today, please ask her to call me.
24. If he gets the raise, it will be because he does a good job.
25. The teacher will not accept our work if we turn it in late.
26. Mrs. Wood always talks to her tenth-grade student as though they were adults.
27. If he had left already, he would have called us.
28. If they had known him, they would have talked to him.
29. He would understand it if you explained it to him more slowly.
30. I could understand the French teacher if he spoke more slowly.
EXERCISE 26: Adjectives and Adverbs.
1. Well.
2. Intense.
3. Brightly.
4. Fluent.
5. Fluently.
6. Smooth.
7. Accurately.
8. Bitter.
9. Soon.
10. fast.
EXERCISE 27: Linking (Copulative) Verbs.
1. Terrible.
2. Well.
3. Good.
4. Calmly.
5. Sick.
6. Quick.
7. Diligently.
8. Vehemently.
9. Relaxed.
10. Noisy.
EXERCISE 28: Comparisons
1. As soon.
2. More important.
3. As well.
4. More Expensive.
5. As hot.
6. More talented.
7. More colorful.
8. Happier.
9. Worse.
10. Faster.
EXERCISE 29: Comparisons.
1. Than.
2. Than.
3. From.
4. Than.
5. As.
6. Than.
7. As.
8. From.
9. Than.
10. From.
EXERCISE 30: Comparisons.
1. Best.
2. Happiest.
3. Faster.
4. Creamiest.
5. More colorful.
6. Better.
7. Good.
8. More Awkwardly.
9. Least.
10. Prettiest.
11. The best.
12. From.
13. Less impressive.
14. The sicker.
15. Than.
16.Twice more than.
17. Few.
18. Much.
19. Farthest.
20. More famous.
Kamis, 23 Januari 2014
KECURANGAN - KECURANGAN PERUSAHAAN
Merdeka.com - Dalam sebuah masa pra persidangan kasus
permainan harga ebook yang melibatkan Apple, seorang hakim federal
menemukan sebuah bukti yang mampu menjerat Apple. Dengan bukti ini,
Apple dan beberapa perusahaan yang terlibat dikatakan bisa dijerat.
Seperti yang dilansir oleh Reuters (23/5), pernyataan ini dikeluarkan sendiri oleh hakim Denise Cote yang rencananya akan melakukan persidangan terhadap kasus ini pada 3 Juni mendatang. Sebelum persidangan ini dilakukan, kemarin (22/5), dirinya pun berkesempatan menyampaikan sebuah temuan baru yang didapatkannya.
Dirinya yakin bahwa Apple dan beberapa penerbit memang terlibat dalam kasus yang dinilai mencederai prinsip kompetisi ekonomi yang sehat di negara liberal ini. Dikatakannya, Apple dan beberapa penerbit memang sengaja mempermainkan harga ebook demi memenuhi tujuan pribadi.
"Saya percaya bahwa pemerintah akan mampu menunjukkan bukti bahwa Apple memang secara sadar melakukan konspirasi untuk menaikkan harga ebook, bukti ini, termasuk surat perjanjian yang ditemukan, akan menjadi saksi otentik," sebut Cote.
Menanggapi hal ini, pihak Apple pun menyatakan ketidaksetujuannya. "Kami sangat menentang keputusan pra persidangan terhadap kasus ini," kata Orin Snyder, kuasa hukum Apple.
Sebelumnya, Apple dan beberapa penerbit memang dicurigai melakukan praktik kecurangan untuk mempermainkan harga ebook di pasar Amerika Serikat. Bekerja sama dengan Penguin Group, HarperCollins Publishers Inc, Simon & Schuster Inc, Hachette Book Group Inc dan MacMillan, mereka membuat Amazon yang telah lama berkecimpung di pasar ini agar tak lagi mampu bersaing.
Analisis:
Seperti yang dilansir oleh Reuters (23/5), pernyataan ini dikeluarkan sendiri oleh hakim Denise Cote yang rencananya akan melakukan persidangan terhadap kasus ini pada 3 Juni mendatang. Sebelum persidangan ini dilakukan, kemarin (22/5), dirinya pun berkesempatan menyampaikan sebuah temuan baru yang didapatkannya.
Dirinya yakin bahwa Apple dan beberapa penerbit memang terlibat dalam kasus yang dinilai mencederai prinsip kompetisi ekonomi yang sehat di negara liberal ini. Dikatakannya, Apple dan beberapa penerbit memang sengaja mempermainkan harga ebook demi memenuhi tujuan pribadi.
"Saya percaya bahwa pemerintah akan mampu menunjukkan bukti bahwa Apple memang secara sadar melakukan konspirasi untuk menaikkan harga ebook, bukti ini, termasuk surat perjanjian yang ditemukan, akan menjadi saksi otentik," sebut Cote.
Menanggapi hal ini, pihak Apple pun menyatakan ketidaksetujuannya. "Kami sangat menentang keputusan pra persidangan terhadap kasus ini," kata Orin Snyder, kuasa hukum Apple.
Sebelumnya, Apple dan beberapa penerbit memang dicurigai melakukan praktik kecurangan untuk mempermainkan harga ebook di pasar Amerika Serikat. Bekerja sama dengan Penguin Group, HarperCollins Publishers Inc, Simon & Schuster Inc, Hachette Book Group Inc dan MacMillan, mereka membuat Amazon yang telah lama berkecimpung di pasar ini agar tak lagi mampu bersaing.
Analisis:
Etika bisnis perusahhan memiliki peran yang sangat penting, yaitu untuk membentuk suatu
perusahaan yang kokoh dan memiliki dsaya saing yang tinggi serta mempunyai
kemampuan menciptakan nilai yang tinggi,diperlukan suatu landasan yang kokoh. bila
sebuah perusahaan tidak menjalankan etika bisnisnya dengan baik dampak
negatifnya tentu banyak sekali yakni akan berakibat bangkrut dan tidak ada
pelanggan yang akan percaya kepada prodak/jasa yang perusahaan jalankan serta
jeleknya image perusahaan. Maka sebab itu
untuk menanggulangi dampak negative perusahaan harus menerapka CSR ( Coorporate
Social Responsibility) yaitu suatu konsep organisasi khususnya perusahaan
memiliki suatu tanggung jawab terhadap konsumen, karyawan, pemegang saham,
komunitas dan lingkungan dalam segala aspek operasional perusahaan.
Selasa, 14 Januari 2014
KONFLIK YANG TERJADI DALAM PERUSAHAAN
konflik pasti menjadi suatu hal yang wajar yang pernah dilalui oleh suatu perusahaan. Mulai
dari tingkat individu, kelompok, sampai unit. .Mulai dari derajat dan
lingkup konflik yang kecil sampai yang besar. Yang relatif kecil seperti
masalah adu mulut tentang pribadi antar karyawan, sampai yang relatif
besar seperti beda pandangan tentang strategi bisnis di kalangan
manajemen. Contoh lainnya dari konflik yang relatif besar yakni antara karyawan dan manajemen. Secara kasat mata kita bisa ikuti berita sehari-hari di berbagai media. Disitu tampak konflik dalam bentuk demonstrasi dan pemogokan. Apakah
hal itu karena tuntutan besarnya kompensasi, kesejahteraan, keadilan
promosi karir, ataukah karena tuntutan hak asasi manusia karyawan.
Konflik itu sendiri merupakan proses yang dimulai bila satu pihak
merasakan bahwa pihak lain telah mempengaruhi secara negatif atau akan
segera mempengaruhi secara negatif. Faktor-faktor kondisi konflik (Robbins, Sthepen ,2003, Perilaku Organisasi):
· Harus dirasakan oleh pihak terkait
· Merupakan masalah persepsi
· Ada oposisi atau ketidakcocokan tujuan, perbedaan dalam penafsiran fakta, ketidaksepakatan pada pengharapan perilaku
· Interaksi negatif-bersilangan
· Ada peringkat konflik dari kekerasan sampai lunak.
Menurut Baden Eunson (Conflict Management, 2007,diadaptasi), terdapat beragam jenis konflik:
· Konflik vertikal
yang terjadi antara tingkat hirarki,seperti antara manajemen puncak dan
manajemen menengah, manajemen menengah dan penyelia, dan penyelia dan
subordinasi. Bentuk konflik bisa berupa bagaimana mengalokasi sumberdaya
secara optimum, mendeskripsikan tujuan, pencapaian kinerja organisasi,
manajemen kompensasi dan karir.
· Konflik Horisontal, yang
terjadi di antara orang-orang yang bekerja pada tingkat hirarki yang
sama di dalam perusahaan. Contoh bentuk konflik ini adalah tentang
perumusan tujuan yang tidak cocok, tentang alokasi dan efisiensi
penggunaan sumberdaya, dan pemasaran.
· Konflik di antara staf lini, yang
terjadi di antara orang-orang yang memiliki tugas berbeda. Misalnya
antara divisi pembelian bahan baku dan divisi keuangan. Divisi pembelian
mengganggap akan efektif apabila bahan baku dibeli dalam jumlah besar
dibanding sedikit-sedikit tetapi makan waktu berulang-ulang. Sementara
divisi keuangan menghendaki jumlah yang lebih kecil karena terbatasnya
anggaran. Misal lainnya antara divisi produksi dan divisi pemasaran.
Divisi pemasaran membutuhkan produk yang beragam sesuai permintaan
pasar. Sementara divisi produksi hanya mampu memproduksi jumlah produksi
secara terbatas karena langkanya sumberdaya manusia yang akhli dan
teknologi yang tepat.
· Konflik peran berupa
kesalahpahaman tentang apa yang seharusnya dikerjakan oleh seseorang.
Konflik bisa terjadi antarkaryawan karena tidak lengkapnya uraian
pekerjaan, pihak karyawan memiliki lebih dari seorang manajer, dan
sistem koordinasi yang tidak jelas.
CONTOH KASUS:
CONTOH KASUS:
Konflik Buruh Dengan PT Megariamas
Sekitar 500 buruh yang tergabung dalam Serikat Buruh Garmen Tekstil dan Sepatu-Gabungan Serikat Buruh Independen (SBGTS-GSBI) PT Megariamas Sentosa, Selasa (23/9) siang ‘menyerbu’ Kantor Sudin Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi (Nakertrans) Jakarta Utara di Jl Plumpang Raya, Kelurahan Semper Timur, Kecamatan Koja, Jakarta Utara. Mereka menuntut pemerintah mengambil tindakan tegas terhadap perusahaan yang mempekerjakan mereka karena mangkir memberikan tunjangan hari raya (THR).
Ratusan buruh PT Megariamas Sentosa yang berlokasi di Jl Jembatan III Ruko 36 Q, Pluit, Penjaringan, Jakut, datang sekitar pukuk 12.00 WIB. Sebelum ditemui Kasudin Nakertrans Jakut, mereka menggelar orasi yang diwarnai aneka macam poster yang mengecam usaha perusahaan menahan THR mereka. Padahal THR merupakan kewajiban perusahaan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang tertuang dalam Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. 4/1994 tentang THR.
“Kami menuntut hak kami untuk mendapatkan THR sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Dan jangan dikarenakan ada konflik internal kami tidak mendapatkan THR, karena setahu kami perusahaan garmen tersebut tidak merugi, bahkan sebaliknya. Jadi kami minta pihak Sudin Nakertrans Jakut bisa memfasilitasi kami,” jelas Abidin, koordinator unjuk rasa ketika berorasi di tengah-tengah rekannya yang didominasi kaum perempuan itu, Selasa (23/9) di depan kantor Sudin Nakertrans Jakut. Sekedar diketahui ratusan buruh perusahaan garmen dengan memproduksi pakaian dalam merek Sorella, Pieree Cardine, Felahcy, dan Young Heart untuk ekspor itu telah berdiri sejak 1989 ini mempekerjakan sekitar 800 karyawan yang mayoritas perempuan.
Demonstrasi ke Kantor Nakertrans bukan yang pertama, sebelumnya ratusan buruh ini juga mengadukan nasibnya karena perusahan bertindak sewenang-wenang pada karyawan. Bahkan ada beberapa buruh yang diberhentikan pihak perusahaan karena dinilai terlalu vokal. Akibatnya, kasus konflik antar buruh dan manajemen dilanjutkan ke Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial. Karena itu, pihak manajemen mengancam tidak akan memberikan THR kepada pekerjanya.
Mengetahui hal tersebut, ratusan buruh PT Megariamas Sentosa mengadu ke kantor Sudin Nakertrans Jakut. Setelah dua jam menggelar orasi di depan halaman Sudin Nakertrans Jakut, bahkan hendak memaksa masuk ke dalam kantor. Akhirnya perwakilan buruh diterima oleh Kasudin Nakertrans, Saut Tambunan di ruang rapat kantornya. Dalam peryataannya di depan para pendemo, Sahut Tambunan berjanji akan menampung aspirasi para pengunjuk rasa dan membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. "Pasti kami akan bantu, dan kami siap untuk menjadi fasilitator untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini," tutur Sahut.
Selain itu, Sahut juga akan memanggil pengusaha agar mau memberikan THR karena itu sudah kewajiban. “Kalau memang perusahaan tersebut mengaku merugi, pihak manajemen wajib melaporkan ke pemerintah dengan bukti konkret,” kata Saut Tambunan kepada beritajakarta.com usai menggelar pertemuan dengan para perwakilan demonstrasi.
Sesuai peraturan, karyawan dengan masa kerja di atas satu tahun berhak menerima THR. Sementara bagi karyawan dengan masa kerja di bawah satu tahun di atas tiga bulan, THR-nya akan diberikan secara proporsional atau diberikan sebesar 3/12X1 bulan gaji. Karyawan yang baru bekerja di bawah tiga bulan bisa daja dapat tergantung dari kebijakan perusahaan.
Saut menambahkan, sejauh ini sudah ada empat perusahaan yang didemo karena mangkir membayar THR. “Sesuai dengan peraturan H-7 seluruh perusahaan sudah harus membayar THR kepada karyawannya. Karena itu, kami upayakan memfasilitasi. Untuk kasus karyawan PT Megariamas Sentosa memang sedang ada sedikit permasalahan sehingga manajemen sengaja menahan THR mereka. Namun, sebenarnya itu tidak boleh dan besok kami upayakan memfasilitasi ke manajemen perusahaan.
Lebih lanjut dikatakannya, untuk kawasan Jakarta Utara tercatat ada sekitar 3000 badan usaha atau perusahaan di sektor formal. Untuk melakukan monitoring, pihaknya menugaskan 15 personel pengawas dan 10 personel mediator untuk menangani berbagai kasus seperti kecelakaan kerja, pemutusan hubungan kerja, tuntutan upah maupun upah normatif dan THR. “Kami masih kekurangan personel, idealnya ada 150 personel pengawas dan 100 personel mediator,” tandas Saut Tambunan.
Analisis :
Sekitar 500 buruh yang tergabung dalam Serikat Buruh Garmen Tekstil dan Sepatu-Gabungan Serikat Buruh Independen (SBGTS-GSBI) PT Megariamas Sentosa, Selasa (23/9) siang ‘menyerbu’ Kantor Sudin Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi (Nakertrans) Jakarta Utara di Jl Plumpang Raya, Kelurahan Semper Timur, Kecamatan Koja, Jakarta Utara. Mereka menuntut pemerintah mengambil tindakan tegas terhadap perusahaan yang mempekerjakan mereka karena mangkir memberikan tunjangan hari raya (THR).
Ratusan buruh PT Megariamas Sentosa yang berlokasi di Jl Jembatan III Ruko 36 Q, Pluit, Penjaringan, Jakut, datang sekitar pukuk 12.00 WIB. Sebelum ditemui Kasudin Nakertrans Jakut, mereka menggelar orasi yang diwarnai aneka macam poster yang mengecam usaha perusahaan menahan THR mereka. Padahal THR merupakan kewajiban perusahaan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang tertuang dalam Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. 4/1994 tentang THR.
“Kami menuntut hak kami untuk mendapatkan THR sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Dan jangan dikarenakan ada konflik internal kami tidak mendapatkan THR, karena setahu kami perusahaan garmen tersebut tidak merugi, bahkan sebaliknya. Jadi kami minta pihak Sudin Nakertrans Jakut bisa memfasilitasi kami,” jelas Abidin, koordinator unjuk rasa ketika berorasi di tengah-tengah rekannya yang didominasi kaum perempuan itu, Selasa (23/9) di depan kantor Sudin Nakertrans Jakut. Sekedar diketahui ratusan buruh perusahaan garmen dengan memproduksi pakaian dalam merek Sorella, Pieree Cardine, Felahcy, dan Young Heart untuk ekspor itu telah berdiri sejak 1989 ini mempekerjakan sekitar 800 karyawan yang mayoritas perempuan.
Demonstrasi ke Kantor Nakertrans bukan yang pertama, sebelumnya ratusan buruh ini juga mengadukan nasibnya karena perusahan bertindak sewenang-wenang pada karyawan. Bahkan ada beberapa buruh yang diberhentikan pihak perusahaan karena dinilai terlalu vokal. Akibatnya, kasus konflik antar buruh dan manajemen dilanjutkan ke Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial. Karena itu, pihak manajemen mengancam tidak akan memberikan THR kepada pekerjanya.
Mengetahui hal tersebut, ratusan buruh PT Megariamas Sentosa mengadu ke kantor Sudin Nakertrans Jakut. Setelah dua jam menggelar orasi di depan halaman Sudin Nakertrans Jakut, bahkan hendak memaksa masuk ke dalam kantor. Akhirnya perwakilan buruh diterima oleh Kasudin Nakertrans, Saut Tambunan di ruang rapat kantornya. Dalam peryataannya di depan para pendemo, Sahut Tambunan berjanji akan menampung aspirasi para pengunjuk rasa dan membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. "Pasti kami akan bantu, dan kami siap untuk menjadi fasilitator untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini," tutur Sahut.
Selain itu, Sahut juga akan memanggil pengusaha agar mau memberikan THR karena itu sudah kewajiban. “Kalau memang perusahaan tersebut mengaku merugi, pihak manajemen wajib melaporkan ke pemerintah dengan bukti konkret,” kata Saut Tambunan kepada beritajakarta.com usai menggelar pertemuan dengan para perwakilan demonstrasi.
Sesuai peraturan, karyawan dengan masa kerja di atas satu tahun berhak menerima THR. Sementara bagi karyawan dengan masa kerja di bawah satu tahun di atas tiga bulan, THR-nya akan diberikan secara proporsional atau diberikan sebesar 3/12X1 bulan gaji. Karyawan yang baru bekerja di bawah tiga bulan bisa daja dapat tergantung dari kebijakan perusahaan.
Saut menambahkan, sejauh ini sudah ada empat perusahaan yang didemo karena mangkir membayar THR. “Sesuai dengan peraturan H-7 seluruh perusahaan sudah harus membayar THR kepada karyawannya. Karena itu, kami upayakan memfasilitasi. Untuk kasus karyawan PT Megariamas Sentosa memang sedang ada sedikit permasalahan sehingga manajemen sengaja menahan THR mereka. Namun, sebenarnya itu tidak boleh dan besok kami upayakan memfasilitasi ke manajemen perusahaan.
Lebih lanjut dikatakannya, untuk kawasan Jakarta Utara tercatat ada sekitar 3000 badan usaha atau perusahaan di sektor formal. Untuk melakukan monitoring, pihaknya menugaskan 15 personel pengawas dan 10 personel mediator untuk menangani berbagai kasus seperti kecelakaan kerja, pemutusan hubungan kerja, tuntutan upah maupun upah normatif dan THR. “Kami masih kekurangan personel, idealnya ada 150 personel pengawas dan 100 personel mediator,” tandas Saut Tambunan.
Analisis :
ini adalah salah satu contoh kasus suatu konflik yang terjadi
dalam suatu perusahaan / organisasi, bisa ditekankan disini suatu perusahan,dimana
seorang pemimpin yang tidak bertanggung jawab dan tidak adil dalam
memimpin suatu perusahan.Mereka senantiasa mempermainkan rakyat kecil
dan bertindak sangat tidak bijaksana sebagai seorang yang memiliki
kekuasaan,mereka dengan mudah dapat mengeluarkan seorang karyawan yang
dianggap terlalu vocal dan maengancam para karyawanya dengan tidak
memberikan THR.Menurut saya ini jelas sangat berpengaruh dalam
terjadinya sebuah konflik ini adalah penyebab utama terjadinya konflik
dalam kasus ini menurut saya bila dalam kasus ini banyak cara untuk
menyelesaikanya mungkin dengan cara mediator atau jika dengan cara
mediator tidak berhasil juga perlu adanya proses hukum karena disini
telah melanggar hak seseorang dan telah melanggar hukum yang berlaku
tentang pemberian THR kepada tenaga kerja. Saya rasa ini adalah solusi
yang mungkin bisa menyelesaikan konflik dalam perusahaan ini,ada baiknya
berikanlah apa yang menjadi haknya setelah iya mengerjakan kewajibanya
Sumber: http://ronawajah.wordpress.com/2007/06/07/konflik-dalam-perusahaan/
http://wwwtitisiswati.blogspot.com/2011/11/contoh-kasus-konflik-buruh-dengan-pt.html
http://wwwtitisiswati.blogspot.com/2011/11/contoh-kasus-konflik-buruh-dengan-pt.html
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